the great northern war documentary

[49], Hanover-Great Britain and Brandenburg-Prussia thereupon negotiated separate peace treaties with Sweden, the treaties of Stockholm in 1719 and early 1720, which partitioned Sweden's northern German dominions among the parties. The occupation period of Finland in 1714–1721 is known as the Greater Wrath. He greatly expanded the size of Russia during his reign while providing access to the Baltic, Black, and Caspian seas. The Norwegian campaigns were halted and the army withdrawn when Charles XII was shot dead while besieging Norwegian Fredriksten on 30 November 1718 (OS). The ruler of the Russian empire: Peter the Great, the King of Danes: Fredrick IV, and the King of Poland-Lithuania: Augustus, had their share of interests in the Swedish empire. [52], When Sweden finally was at peace with Hanover, Great Britain, Brandenburg-Prussia and Denmark–Norway, she hoped that the anti-Russian sentiments of the Vienna parties and France would culminate in an alliance that would restore her Russian-occupied eastern provinces. This resulted in Great Britain declaring war on Sweden in 1717. To place pressure on Sweden, Russia sent a large fleet to the Swedish east coast in July 1719. The Swedish navy was able to outmaneuver the Danish Sound blockade and deploy an army near the Danish capital, Copenhagen. The documentary was a co-production of the Imperial War Museum, the British Broadcasting Corporation, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the Australian Broadcasting Commission. In view of continued failure to check Russian consolidation, and with declining manpower, Sweden opted to blockade Saint Petersburg in 1705. Vyborg) in 1710 and successfully held it against Swedish attempts to retake the town in 1711. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts The war ended with the defeat of Sweden, leaving Russia as the new dominant power in the Baltic region and as a new major force in European politics. Patkul was also extradited and executed by breaking on the wheel in 1707, an incident which, given his diplomatic immunity, infuriated opinion against the Swedish king, who was then expected to win the war against the only hostile power remaining, Tsar Peter's Russia.[24]. Frederick IV of Denmark-Norway, another cousin of Charles XII,[nb 1] succeeded Christian V in 1699 and continued his anti-Swedish policies. Poland and Saxony together could mobilize at least 100,000 men. Meanwhile, the forces of Peter I had recovered from defeat at Narva and gained ground in Sweden's Baltic provinces, where they cemented Russian access to the Baltic Sea by founding Saint Petersburg in 1703. At the same time, a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet had also set course towards Denmark. The adventures of a single dad and his weird Alaskan family. This surprise move and pressure by the Maritime Powers (England and the Dutch Republic) forced Denmark–Norway to withdraw from the war in August 1700 according to the terms of the Peace of Travendal. [43], In 1714 far greater Swedish naval assets were diverted towards Finland, which managed to cut the coastal sea route past Hangö cape already in early May 1714. [34] Peter continued his campaigns in the Baltics, and eventually he built up a powerful navy. George I and Frederik IV both coveted hegemony in northern Germany, while Augustus the Strong was concerned about the ambitions of Frederick William I on the southeastern Baltic coast. [41] Nominally under the command of Apraksin, but accompanied Peter the Great, a fleet of coastal ships together with 12,000 men – infantry and artillery – began the campaign by sailing from Kronstadt on 2 May 1713; a further 4,000 cavalry were later sent overland to join with the army. These terms were laid out in the Treaty of Adrianople (1713). The Great Northern War was fought during the years 1700-1721 between Sweden and a coalition of countries who sought to carve up the Swedish Baltic Sea Empire between themselves. These victories may be ascribed to a well-trained army, which despite its comparatively small size, was far more professional than most continental armies, and also to a modernization of administration (both civilian and military) in the course of the 17th century, which enabled the monarchy to harness the resources of the country and its empire in an effective way. Biopic of Peter I, Czar of Russia, from childhood in 1682 to the Great Northern War against Sweden during the 1700s. Though his primary goal was Moscow, the strength of his forces was sapped by the cold weather (the winter of 1708/09 being one of the most severe in modern European history)[30] and Peter's use of scorched earth tactics. Greenwood Publishing Group (2006). It was only on 12 May that Swedish squadron under Admiral Erik Johan Lillie made it to Helsinki but there was nothing it could do. After years of marches and fighting around Poland he finally had to invade Augustus' hereditary Saxony to take him out of the war. As a scholar he specializes in everyday life of the Russian army, its uniforms, tactics and siege warfare of the Great Northern war period. See more ideas about war, northern, swedish army. Disregarding Polish negotiation proposals supported by the Swedish parliament, Charles crossed into the Commonwealth and decisively defeated the Saxe-Polish forces in the Battle of Klissow in 1702 and in the Battle of Pultusk in 1703. [25] The Swedes attempted a raid on the Neva fort on 13 July 1704 with ships and landing armies, but the Russian fortifications held. Russian breach of the blockade at Hangö forced the Swedish fleet to withdraw to prevent the Russian fleet from reaching Sweden itself. Apraksin gathered an army of 15,000 men at Vyborg and started the operation in late August. [28] Charles wanted not just to defeat the Commonwealth army but to depose Augustus, whom he regarded as especially treasonous, and have him replaced with someone who would be a Swedish ally, though this proved hard to achieve. Later in the autumn Peter I led an army of 20,000 men in an attempt to take the Swedish town and fortress of Viborg. A smaller Russian force advanced on the Swedish capital but was stopped at the battle of Stäket on 13 August. This caused severe trouble for Russian supply route to Turku and beyond as supplies had to be carried overland. In nearby Greifswald, already lost to Sweden, Russian tsar Peter the Great and British king George I, in his position as Elector of Hanover, had just signed an alliance on 17 (OS)/28 (NS) October. Charles XII moved from Saxony into Russia to confront Peter, but the campaign ended in 1709 with the destruction of the main Swedish army at the decisive Battle of Poltava (in present-day Ukraine) and Charles' exile in the Ottoman town of Bender. In 1700 which power was the In the Treaty of Hanover (1710), Hanover, whose elector was to become George I of Great Britain, allied with Russia. Murhanenkeli. The Great Northern War was a profound event in European history and has had far too little attention in the English speaking world. In August 1708, a Swedish army of 12,000 men under General Georg Henrik Lybecker attacked Ingria, crossing the Neva from the north. His ambitions to transform the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth into an absolute monarchy were not realized due to the zealous nature of the Polish nobility and the previously initiated laws that decreased the power of the monarch. This publication is intended to open up this history in a way previously not available in English. With Nick Offerman, Jenny Slate, Will Forte, Dulcé Sloan. The Ottoman Empire temporarily hosted Charles XII of Sweden and intervened against Peter I. [36], The war between Russia and Sweden continued after the disaster of Poltava in 1709, though the shattered Swedish continental army could provide very little help. Peter I took advantage of this by redeploying a large number of men from Ingria to Ukraine.[27]. When peace was concluded with Denmark, the anti-Swedish coalition had already fallen apart, and Denmark was not in a military position to negotiate a return of her former eastern provinces across the sound. A grand mobilization covering Russia's vast territories would have been unrealistic. The peace treaties also ended her alliance with Holstein-Gottorp. For wars with similar names, see, Campaigns and territorial changes 1700–1709 (left) and 1709–1721 (right), 1702–1710: Russia and the Baltic provinces. He preferred the life of an ordinary soldier on horseback, not that of contemporary baroque courts. Charles XII of Sweden[nb 1] succeeded Charles XI of Sweden in 1697, aged 14. The narrator was Michael Redgrave, with readings by Marius Goring, Ralph Richardson, Cyril Luckham, Sebastian Shaw and … The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter the Great of Russia, Frederick IV of Denmark–Norway and Augustus II the Strong of Saxony-Poland. p. 244. Large stores of supplies and munitions were transported from Vyborg and Saint Petersburg to the new base of operations. [22] August II resisted, still possessing control of his native Saxony, but was decisively defeated at the Battle of Fraustadt in 1706, a battle sometimes compared to the Ancient Battle of Cannae due to the Swedish forces' use of double envelopment, with a deadly result for the Saxon army. The transport's varied career took another turn when she was acquired by the Navy from the War Department 3 August 1921. Under his command the Swedish army in Finland stopped to engage the advancing Russians at Pälkäne in October 1713, where a Russian flanking manoeuvre forced him to withdraw to avoid getting encircled. [18] Simultaneously, Augustus II's forces advanced through Swedish Livonia, captured Dünamünde and laid siege to Riga. When Wismar surrendered in 1716, all of Sweden's Baltic and German possessions were lost. Conflict between mainly the Swedish and Russian empires in 1700–1721, This article is about the 18th-century war. http://bit.ly/WatchEXP___________Thanks for participating in this week's discussion! Russia captured Viborg (ru. http://bit.ly/EHPatreon (--More below)Grab your Extra Credits gear at the store! Mazepa died in 1709 in Ottoman exile. However, bad roads proved impassable to his heavy siege guns. 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